Published Date January 24, 2003
Last update date: January 24, 2003
Diabetes mellitus (type II diabetes) is a syndrome characterized by chronic hyperglycemia with disturbances of carbohydrates, fat, and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Diabetes occurs when the pancreas produces very little or no insulin, or when the body's response to insulin is not as expected/normal.
Type 2 diabetes is a lifelong disease that keeps your body from using insulin the way it should be used. People with type 2 diabetes are said to have insulin resistance. If you have type 2 diabetes, your pancreas secretes less insulin than your body requires because your body is resistant to its effect. People who are middle-aged or older are most likely to get this kind of diabetes. This disease is often associated with long-term complications involving organs like the eyes, kidneys, nerves, and heart.
Type II Diabetes is characterized by insufficient secretion of insulin from the β-cells of the pancreatic islets, coupled with impaired insulin action in target tissues such as muscle, liver, and fat (a condition termed insulin resistance). Hyperglycemia results when insulin secretion is unable to compensate for insulin resistance.
Progressive loss of β-cell mass during disease progression places an ever-greater secretory burden on the β-cells that remain functional. Obesity is believed to be a promoter of type 2 diabetes and poorly managed diabetes can lead to serious consequences causing damage to a wide range of your body’s organs and tissues — including your heart, kidneys, eyes, and nerves.
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